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Allahabad High Court
Ashok Kumar And Others vs State Of U.P. on 25 January, 2021Bench: Bachchoo Lal, Subhash Chandra Sharma
HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT ALLAHABAD
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nkf.Md vihy la[;k 5629 o”kZ 2010
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;g nkf.Md vihy] vihykFkhZx.k v’kksd dqekj] lUrks”k dksjh ,oa ohjsUnz dqekj pekj dh vksj ls l= ijh{k.k la[;k 84 o”kZ 2006 mRrj izns’k jkT; izfr v’kksd dqekj ,oa vU; rFkk l= ijh{k.k la[;k 269 o”kZ 2006 mRrj izns’k jkT; izfr lUrks”k dksjh] eqdnek vijk/k la[;k 74 o”kZ 2005 vUrxZr /kkjk 302 Hkk0na0la0] Fkkuk pjok] ftyk dkS’kkEch ,oa l= ijh{k.k la[;k 82 o”kZ 2006 mRrj izns’k jkT; izfr v’kksd dqekj eqdnek vijk/k la[;k 132 o”kZ 2005 vUrxZr /kkjk 25 vk;q/k vf/kfu;e] Fkkuk pjok ftyk dkS’kkEch esa fo}ku vij l= U;k;k/kh’k@,Q0 Vh0 lh0] f}rh;] dkS’kkEch }kjk ikfjr fu.kZ; ,oa vkns’k fnukad 20&8&2010 ds fo:} ;ksftr dh x;h gS ftlds }kjk vihykFkhZx.k dks /kkjk 302 Hkk0na0la0 ds vUrxZr nks”kh ikrs gq, vkthou dkjkokl ,oa ik¡p&ik¡p gtkj :i;s ds vFkZn.M ls rFkk vFkZn.M vnk u djus dh fLFkfr esa izR;sd dks ,d&,d o”kZ ds vfrfjDr lk/kkj.k dkjkokl rFkk vihykFkhZ v’kksd dqekj dks /kkjk 25 vk;q/k vf/kfu;e ds vUrxZr rhu o”kZ ds lk/kkj.k dkjkokl ,oa ,d gtkj :i;s ds vFkZn.M ls rFkk vFkZn.M vnk u djus dh n’kk esa rhu ekg ds vfrfjDr dkjkokl ls nf.Mr fd;k x;k gSA ;g Hkh vknsf’kr fd;k x;k fd vfHk;qDrksa }kjk iwoZ esa bl ekeys esa fcrkbZ xbZ tsy vof/k bl ltk esa lek;ksftr dh tk;sxh rFkk lHkh ltk;sa lkFk lkFk pysxhA
vihy ds fuLrkj.k gsrq vko’;d rF; la{ksi esa bl izdkj gS fd oknh eqdnek tXxh yky iq= Lo0 jke [ksykou dksjh us ,d rgjhj jke cnu iq= f’ko izlkn dksjh ls fy[kokdj Fkkuk pjok ftyk dkS’kkEch esa bl vk’k; ds lkFk nkf[ky fd;k fd mldh o mlds xk¡o ds lUrks”k dksjh dh tehu dk eqdnek py jgk Fkk ftlls lUrks”k dksjh jaft’k ekurk gSA dy fnukad 20&6&2005 dks mldk HkkbZ gjh yky mez djhc 40 o”kZ o xk¡o dk eksguyky iq= jke/kuh xk¡o esa jk/ks’;ke dksjh ds edku ds pcwrjs ij cSBs ckrphr dj jgs Fks djhc lk oknh dh mDr rgjhj izn’kZ d&1 ds vk/kkj ij Fkkuk ij vihykFkhZx.k ds fo:} eqdnek vijk/k la[;k 74 o”kZ 2005 /kkjk 302 Hkk0 na0 la0 ds vUrxZr eqdnek iathd`r fd;k x;kA fpd izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ izn’kZ d&2 gS rFkk eqdnek dk;eh ls lEcfU/kr th0 Mh0 dh izfr izn’kZ d&3 gSA
ekeys dh foospuk vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 9 jke Hkjksls dq’kokgk] Fkkuk/;{k ds lqiqnZ dh x;hA mUgksusa vius c;ku esa ;g dgk gS fd fnukad 21&6&2005 dks og Fkkuk pjok esa Fkkuk/;{k ds in ij dk;Zjr FkkA mDr frfFk dks eqdnek vijk/k la[;k 74 o”kZ 2005 /kkjk 302 Hkk0 na0 la0 e`rd gjhyky dh foospuk mlds }kjk xzg.k dh x;hA fnukad 21&6&2005 dks bl eqdnes dh udy fpd] udy jiV ysdj e; ftYn iapk;rukek ,oa t:jh dkxtkr ds lkFk e; gejkgh ?kVukLFky xzke cjxnh jokuk gqvk FkkA Fkkus ij udy fpd] udy jiV djds ys[kd ,Q0 vkbZ0 vkj0 dk c;ku fy;k x;k FkkA ?kVukLFky ij e`rd dh yk’k dk iapk;rukek eqjRrc fd;k x;k FkkA yk’k dks okLrs iksLVekVZe ‘ko foPNsnu x`g bykgkckn Hksth x;h FkhA ekSds ij oknh dk c;ku fy;k x;k FkkA oknh dh fu’kkunsgh ij fujh{k.k ?kVukLFky djds uD’kk utjh rS;kj fd;k x;k FkkA bl lk{kh us uD’kk utjh dks izn’kZ d&7 ds :i esa lkfcr fd;k gSA ;g Hkh dgk gS fd ekSds ij ekStwn vkse izdk’k o ‘kQhd vgen dk lebZ lk{; vafdr fd;k x;kA ?kVukLFky ij ,d dkjrwl 315 cksj ¼[kks[kk½ cjken gqvk FkkA ekSds ls mlus feV~Vh lknh ,oa [kwu vkywn ysdj loZeksgj djds uewuk lhy rS;kj fd;k FkkA ekSds ij QnZ eqjkRrc dh x;h FkhA QnZ ij xokgku jke vkSrkj ,oa jke cnu flag ds gLrk{kj djk;s FksA bl lk{kh us QnZ feV~Vh lknh o vkywn [kwu rFkk ,d [kks[kk dkjrwl 315 cksj dks vius ys[k ,oa gLrk{kj esa crkrs gq, izn’kZ d&8 ds :i esa lkfcr fd;k gSA ;g Hkh dgk gS fd mlh fnu mlus ftYn iapk;rukek dkcZu dkih ls iapk;rukek dh udy fd;k FkkA iapk;rukek mlus leLr xokgku iapk;rukek tXxh yky] jke vkSrkj] jke flag ;kno] eqyk;e flag ,oa jke cnu flag ds le{k Hkjk Fkk rFkk xokgksa ds gLrk{kj djk;s FksA bl lk{kh us iapk;rukek dks vius ys[k ,oa gLrk{kj esa crkrs gq, izn’kZ d&9 ds :i esa lkfcr fd;k gSA ;g Hkh dgk gS fd fnukad 22&6&2005 dks og gejkgh foospuk gsrq jokuk gqvkA eqyfteku ugha feysA iapk;rukek ds xokg jke cnu] eku flag] eqyk;e flag ds c;ku vafdr fd;sA fnukad 23&6&2005 dks iqu% foospuk esa jokuk gqvkA Fkkus ij e`rd ds ‘ko foPNsnu vk[;k dh dkcZu dkih izkIr fd;k FkkA ‘ko foPNsnu djkus okys dk0 ‘kf’kdkUr ik.Ms;] dk0 edcwy [kk¡ ds c;ku vafdr fd;sA vfHk;qDrx.k ?kj ij ugha feysA vfHk;qDr lUrks”k o v’kksd ds firk jkefgr ls Hkh iwNrkN dh x;h Fkh ijUrq vfHk;qDrksa ds ckjs esa dqN ugha crk;kA ekSds ij QnZ eqjkRrc dh x;hA bl lk{kh us [kkuk rkyk’kh o nfc’k vfHk;qDrksa ls lEcfU/kr QnZ izn’kZ d&10 o izzn’kZ d&11 dks vius ys[k ,oa gLrk{kj esa gksuk crkrs gq, lkfcr fd;k gSA ;g Hkh dgk gS fd okil Fkkus ij vkdj vfHk;qDrksa ds vijkf/kd bfrgkl dh tkudkjh dh x;h rks irk pyk fd vfHk;qDr larks”k dqekj ds fo:} xEHkhj vijk/k ds fofHkUu Fkkuksa esa dqy 11 eqdnesa ntZ djk;s x;s gS ftudk fooj.k dsl Mk;jh esa gSA vfHk;qDr ohjsUnz pekj ds fo:} xEHkhj izd`fr ds fofHkUu Fkkuksa esa dqy 12 vijk/k iathd`r ik;s x;sA vfHk;qDr v’kksd dqekj ds fo:} xEHkhj izd`fr ds fofHkUu Fkkuksa esa dqy rhu vijk/k iathd`r ik;s x;sA vijkf/kd bfrgkl dk mYys[k dsl Mk;jh esa fd;k x;kA blh fnukad dks iqu% foospuk esa jokuk gqvkA iapk;rukek ds xokg tXxh yky ds c;ku vafdr fd;s x;sA iqu% vfHk;qDrksa dh rkyk’k dh x;h nLr;kc ugha gq,A fnukad 24&6&2005 dks iqu% vfHk;qDrksa dh fxjQrkjh esa jokuk gqvk Fkk ijUrq os ugha feysA fnukad 26&6&2005 dks foospuk o lqjkxjlh vfHkqDrx.k esa jokuk gqvkA nfc’k nh x;h vfHk;qDrx.k ?kjksa ls Qjkj FksA xkao esa ?kVuk ds p’enhn xokg eksgu yky dksjh o xokg jke lqesj dksjh ds c;ku fy, FksA fnukad 27&6&2005 dks iqu% foospuk ,oa fxjQrkjh vfHk;qDrx.k jokuk gqvkA vfHk;qDr ds ?kj ,oa fj’rsnkfj;ksa esa nfc’k nh x;h nLr;kc ugha gq,A fnukad 28&6&2005 dks bu vfHk;qDrks ds f[kykQ okj.V ,oa m}?kks”k.kk izkIr djus gsrq U;k;ky; jokuk gqvkA U;k;ky; ls okj.V izkIr dj okil Fkkus vk;kA e`rd dk ewy iapk;rukek ,oa ewy ‘ko foPNsnu vk[;k izkIr dh x;h rFkk ‘ko foPNsnu vk[;k dh udy fdrk dh x;hA fnukad 29&6&2005 ,oa 30&6&2005 dks vfHk;qDrx.k ds ;gak iqu% nfc’k nh x;h] ugh feysA fnukad 2&7&2005 dks iqu% nfc’k nh x;h vfHk;qDrx.k ugha feysA fnukad 4&7&2005 dks U;k;ky; esa tkdj vfHk;qDrksa ds fo:} m}?kks”k.kk@dqdhZ vkns’k izkIr djus dh ;kpuk U;k;ky; ls dh x;hA U;k;ky; ls m}?kks”k.kk vkns’k izkIr fd;k x;kA fnukad 6&7&2005 dks /kkjk 82 na0 iz0 la0 dh rkehyk dh x;hA fnukad 8&7&2005] 13&7&2005] 20&7&2005] 23&7&2005 ,oa 28&7&2005] 31&7&2005] 3&8&2005 dks eq> Fkkuk/;{k e; gejkgh deZpkjhx.k ds nfc’k nh x;h ijUrq eqyfteku nLr;kc ugha gq,A fnuakd 5&8&2005 dks mlds izkFkZuk i= ij U;k;ky; }kjk /kkjk 83 na0 iz0 la0 dk vkns’k ikfjr fd;k x;kA fnukad 9&8&2005 dks vfHk;qDr dh dqdhZ dk vkns’k Fkkus ij izkIr gqvkA fnukad 10&8&2005 dks vfHk;qDrksa ds edkuksa dh dqdhZ dh x;hA ?kVukLFky ls feyh feV~Vh lknk ,oa [kwu vkywn rFkk e`rd dh iksVyh tks ‘ko foPNnsu ds i’pkr izkIr gqbZ FkhA jlk;fud ijh{k.k gsrq fof/k foKku iz;ksx’kkyk Hksth x;h FkhA izkIr lk{; ds vk/kkj ij vfHk;qDrksa ds fo:} vkjksi i= la[;k 78 eQ:jh esa fnukad 10&8&2005 dks izsf”kr fd;k x;k FkkA ;g Hkh dgk fd bl eqdnesa dk vfHk;qDr v’kksd dqekj fnukad 5&9&2005 dks U;k;ky; eq[; U;kf;d eftLVsªV] dkS’kkEch ds le{k vkReleiZ.k fd;k ftls U;kf;d vfHkj{kk esa ysdj uSuh tsy Hkstk x;kA fnukad 6&9&2005 dks mlds }kjk U;k;ky; esa tkdj vfHk;qDr dk c;ku ysus gsrq vuqjks/k fd;k x;kA U;k;ky; }kjk vuqefr izkIr gqbZA fnukad 7&9&2005 dks tsy uSuh] bykgkckn tkdj vfHk;qDr v’kksd dk c;ku fy;k x;kA v’kksd vfHk;qDr }kjk tq eZ dk bdcky djds vkykdRy reapk 315 cksj viuh fu’kkunsgh ij cjken djus dh ckr crk;h FkhA U;k;ky; }kjk iqfyl dLVMh fjek.M eas vfHk;qDr dks ysus gsrq fnukad 9&9&2005] 12&9&2005] 13&9&2005 dks izkFkZuk dh x;hA U;k;ky; }kjk iqfyl dLVMh fjek.M izkFkZuk i= Lohdkj fd;k x;kA fnukad 15&9&2005 dks U;k;ky; ds vkns’k ij vfHk;qDr v’kksd dks dkjkxkj uSuh ls iqfyl vfHkj{kk esa fy;k x;kA vfHk;qDr dh fu’kkunsgh ij mlds edku ls ,d diMs esa fyiVk ,d vnn reapk 315 cksj vfHk;qDr us fudkydj fn;k FkkA ekSds ij xokg gjh’k pUnz o QwypUnz o gejkgh deZpkjhx.kksa ds gLrk{kj o fu’kkuh vaxwBk cuok;s x;s FksA bl lk{kh us QnZ cjkenxh vkykdRy dks vius ys[k ,oa gLrk{kj esa gksuk crkrs gq, izn’kZ d&13 ds :i esa lkfcr fd;k gSA ;g Hkh dgk gS fd cjkenxh LFky dk fujh{k.k dj mldk uD’kk utjh izn’kZ d&14 rS;kj fd;kA bl lk{kh us vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr v’kksd ds dCts ls cjken reaps dks oLrq izn’kZ&1 ds :i esa lkfcr fd;k gSA ;g Hkh dgk gS fd eky o eqyfte ds lkFk Fkkus ij tkdj eqdnek vijk/k la[;k 132 o”kZ 2005 fo:} vfHk;qDr vUrxZr /kkjk 25 vk;q/k vf/kfu;e iathd`r djk;k FkkA eky eqyfte dks U;k;ky; ds le{k is’k djds iqu% tsy uSuh bykgkckn nkf[ky djk;k x;kA ;g Hkh dgk fd mlds LFkkukUrj.k ds i’pkr ‘ks”k foospuk dh dk;Zokgh Fkkuk/;{k Jh lq/khj pUnz ,oa Jh ts0 ih0 ;kno }kjk dh x;hA bl lkk{kh us iapk;rukek ls lEcfU/kr layXud izi= uD’kk utjh] ¼pkyku yk’k½] QksVks uk’k] fjiksVZ lh0 ,e0 vks0] fpV~Bh vkj0 vkbZ0] uewuk eksgj] udy fpd o udy jiV dks vius ys[k ,oa gLrk{kj esa gksuk crkrs gq, izn’kZ d&15 yxk;r izn’kZ d&21 ds :i esa lkfcr fd;k gSA
vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 10 mifujh{kd] jkeyky pkS/kjh us /kkjk 25 vk;q/k vf/kfu;e ds vUrxZr izdj.k dh foospuk dh Fkh mUgksaus vius }kjk dh x;h foospuk o foospuk ds nkSjku rS;kj fd;s x;s dkxtkr] uD’kk utjh izn’kZ d&22 rFkk vkjksi i= izn’kZ d&23 dks vius ys[k ,oa gLrk{kj esa gksuk crkrs gq, lkfcr fd;k gSA
vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 7 MkDVj jkts’k dqekj }kjk e`rd ds ‘ko dk ‘ko foPNsnu fd;k x;k Fkk mUgksus vius c;ku esa ;g crk;k gS fd fnukad 12&6&2005 dks og vius ‘ko foPNsnu fM;wVh ij bykgkckn esa ‘ko foPNsnu x`g esa dk;Zjr Fkk mlus gjh yky ftldh mez yxHkx 40 o”kZ ,oa fyax iq:”k Fkk dk ‘ko foPNsnu fd;k FkkA ‘ko Fkkuk izHkkjh pjok ds }kjk lhycan diMs esa Hkstk x;k FkkA lhy dks mlus uewuk eksgj ls feyku djkus ds i’pkr lgh ik;kA dkxtksa dh la[;k 9 FkhA iksLVekVZe mlus vijkUg 2&30 cts fd;kA dk0 243 ‘kf’kdkUr ik.Ms; ,oa dk0 139 edcwy [kkau Fkkuk pjok }kjk mDr ‘ko dks yk;k x;k FkkA e`R;q dk lEHkkfor le; yxHkx Ms< fnu iwoZ FkkA okg; ijh{k.k%& 'kjhj e/;e vkdkj dk FkkA e`R;q i'pkr vdMu 'kjhj ds gkFkksa ,oa iSjksa ls xqtj peMh m/kMh ¼Qwydj½] cky vklkuh ls [khapus ij fudyus ;ksX;] Nkys QwVs gq,A e`R;qiwoZ pksVsa%& ¼1½ xksyh ds ?kqlus dk ?kko 1-5 lseh X 1-5 lseh X ekalisf'k;ksa rd xgjkA ihB ds Åijh fgLls ds cka;h rjQ e/; ykbu ls 3-5 lseh ckgj dh vksj] LdSiqyk gM~Mh ds fupys dks.k ls 2-0 lseh ÅijA ¼2½ xksyh ds ?kqlus dk ?kko 1&1@2 X 1&1@2 lseh X ekalisf'k;ksa rd xgjkA ihB ds Åijh fgLls esa e/; ykbu ls 2&1@2 lseh nka;h rjQ] LdSiqyk gM~Mh ds fupys dks.k ls 2&1@2 lseh ÅijA ¼3½ xksyh ds fudyus dk ?kko 2-3 lseh X 2-3 lseh X ekalisf'k;ksa rd xgjkA lhus ij cka;h rjQ cka;s fufiy ls 0-5 lseh vUnj dh rjQA ¼4½ xksyh ds fudyus dk ?kko 2-3 lseh X 2-3 lseh X ekalisf'k;ksa rd xgjkA lhus ij nka;h rjQ nkfgus fufiy ls 1-0 lseh ckgj dh rjQA ¼5½ dVs gq, ?kko /kkjnkj gfFk;kj ls isV ds Åijh fgLls esa&% (i) 02 lseh X 04 lseh X ekalisf'k;ksa rd xgjkA (ii) 05 lseh X 1-5 lseh X ekalisf'k;ksa rd xgjkA (iii) 02 lseh X 1-00 lseh X ekalisf'k;ksa rd xgjkA (iv) 2-1 lseh X 1-00 lseh X ekalisf'k;ksa rd xgjkA (v) 3.0 lseh X 1-00 lseh X ekalisf'k;ksa rd xgjkA (vi) 4.0 lseh X 0.5 lseh X ekalisf'k;ksa rd xgjkA (vii) 3.1 lseh X 4-0 lseh X ekalisf'k;ksa rd xgjkA (viii) 1.5 lseh X 3 lseh X ekalisf'k;ksa rd xgjkA (ix) 1.0 lseh X 1-0 lseh X ekalisf'k;ksa rd xgjkA (X) 1.5 lseh X 3-0 lseh X ekalisf'k;ksa rd xgjkA (Xi) 1.5 lseh X 2-0 lseh X ekalisf'k;ksa rd xgjkA flj ,oa xnZu%& dksbZ deh ugha ik;h x;h efLr"d dh f>fYy;ksa esa Hkh dksbZ deh ugha ik;h x;hA flj dh gM~Mh esa Hkh dksbZ deh ugha ik;h x;hA efLr”d rjy inkFkZ esa ifjofrZr gks pqdk FkkA
lhuk%&
tSlk fd e`R;qiwoZ pksVksa esa iwoZ esa mfYyf[kr gSA vkBoh ,oa uoha ilyh cka;h rjQ ihNs dh rjQ VwVh gqbZ pkSFkh ,oa ikapoh ilyh vkxs dh rjQ VwVh gqbZA lkroh vkBoh ilyh ihNs nka;h rjQ VwVh gqbZ pkSFkh ikapoh ilyh vkxs nak;h rjQA
Iywjk%&
QVh gqbZ ySfjaXl] Vsªfd;k ,oa czksdkbZ esa dksbZ deh ugha ik;h x;hA
nka;k ,oa cka;k QsQMk%&
QVk gqvk g`n; dh ckgjh f>Yyh QVh gqbZA g`n; QVk gqvkA
cMh jDr okfguh&% dksbZ deh ughaA
isV%&
tSlk fd e`R;qiwoZ pksVksa esa mi;qZfyf[kr gSA
fHkfRr;k¡%&
QVh gqbZ isfjVksfu;e QVk gqvkA isV dh dSfoVh esa tek gqvk [kwu fo|eku ik;k x;kA
nkar%&
16 X 16 nkar] thHk ,oa xzluh esa dksbZ deh ugh [kkus dh uyh a¼blksQsxl½ esa dksbZ deh ughaA
vkek’k;%&
[kkus dh FkSyh esa 100 fe0 yh0 rjy inkFkZ mifLFkr FkkA
cMh vkar ,oa NksVh vkar%&
vk/kh Hkjh gqbZA ;d`r ,oa fiRrk’k; QVs gq, ikpu jl dh FkSyh Iyhgk ,oa xqnsZ esa dksbZ deh ughaA
ew=k’k;%&
[kkyh Fkk dksbZ deh ugha FkhA
MkDVj ds vuqlkj] e`rd dh e`R;q dk dkj.k lnek ,oa jDrlzko] e`R;qiwoZ vk;h gqbZ pksVksa ds dkj.k FkkA bl lk{kh us e`rd dh iksLVekVZe fjiksVZ dks izn’kZ d&6 ds :i esa lkfcr fd;k gSA ;g Hkh dgk gS fd e`rd ds ‘kjhj ij e`R;qiwoZ tks pksVsa vk;h gS og fnukad 20&6&2005 dks lka; 6&30 cts dh gks ldrh gSA ;s pksVs reapk ,oa pkdw ls dkfjr fd;k tkuk lEHkkfor gSA
vkjksi i= izkIr gksus ij vihykFkhZx.k@vfHk;qDrx.k ds eqdnesa dks fopkj.k gsrq l= U;k;ky; ds lqiqnZ fd;k x;kA
fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; us vihykFkhZx.k v’kksd dqekj] ohjsUnz dqekj ,oa lUrks”k dksjh ds fo:} /kkjk 302 Hkk0 na0 la0 ds vUrxZr vihykFkhZ v’kksd dqekj ds fo:} /kkjk 25 vk;q/k vf/kfu;e ds vUrxZr vkjksi fojfpr fd;sA
vfHk;kstu i{k dh vksj ls vius dFku ds leFkZu esa vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 1 jke lqesj ¼e`rd dk HkkbZ½] vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 2 eksgu yky] vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 3 jke cnu] vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 4 jke vkSrkj] vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 5 eku flag] vfHk;kstu lk{kh 6 dk0 d`”.k pUnz f=ikBh] vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 7 MkDVj jkts’k dqekj] vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 8 eqyk;e flag ;kno] vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 9 jke Hkjksls dq’kokgk] Fkkuk/;{k] ¼foospukf/kdkjh½ ,oa vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 10 mifujh{kd] jkeyky pkS/kjh ¼foospukf/kdkjh½ dks ijhf{kr djk;k x;k gSA
vihykFkhZx.k@vfHk;qDrx.k ds c;ku vUrxZr /kkjk 313 na0iaz0la0 ds vUrxZr vafdr fd;s x;s ftlesa mUgksaus >waBk jaft’ku Qlk;k tkuk crk;k gSA
vihykFkhZx.k@vfHk;qDrx.k dh vksj ls vius cpko esa cpko lk{kh la[;k 1 ds :i esa MkDVj jkts’k dqekj dks ijhf{kr djk;k x;k gSA
fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; us mHk; i{k dks lqudj rFkk i=koyh ij miyC/k leLr lk{; ,oa vfHkys[kksa ij lE;d fopkj djus ds mijkUr vihykFkhZx.k dks iz’uxr vijk/k esa nks”kh ikrs gq, mijksDrkuqlkj nf.Mr fd;k gS ftlls {kqC/k gksdj vihykFkhZx.k us ;g vihy bl U;k;ky; esa ;ksftr dh gSA
vihykFkhZx.k dh vksj ls muds fo}ku vf/koDrk Jh yYyu pkScs] jkT; dh vksj ls Jh jkts’k feJk] fo}ku vij ‘kkldh; vf/koDrk dks foLrkjiwoZd lquk rFkk vihykFkhZx.k v’kksd dqekj ,oa lUrks”k dksjh dh vksj ls tsy ls Hksth x;h fyf[kr cgl dk lE;d ifj’khyu fd;k ,oa i=koyh iz’uxr fu.kZ; o vkns’k dk lE;d ifj’khyu fd;kA
vihykFkhZx.k dh vksj ls eq[; :i ls ;g rdZ izLrqr fd;k x;k fd ?kVuk dh izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ foyEc ls gS rFkk ?kVuk ds djhc 12 ?k.Vsa ckn Fkkus ij ntZ djk;h x;h gSA izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ ds foyEc dk dksbZ i;kZIr Li”Vhdj.k ugha fn;k x;k gSA vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 1 jke lqesj] e`rd dk lxk HkkbZ gS tks ,d fgrc} lk{kh gSA ?kVuk ds lEca/k esa fdlh LorU= ,oa fu”i{k lk{kh dks ijhf{kr ugha djk;k x;k gSA vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 2 eksgu yky dks ?kVuk dk izR;{kn’khZ lk{kh gksuk crk;k x;k gS ijUrq mlus vius c;ku esa vfHk;kstu dFkkud dk leFkZu ugha fd;k gSA tXxh yky ¼oknh½ dh e`R;q gks tkus ds dkj.k mls lk{; esa ijhf{kr ugha djk;k tk ldkA vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 3 jke cnu rgjhj ys[kd gS mlus vius c;ku esa rgjhj dks njksxkth ds cksyus ij fy[kus dk mYys[k fd;k gSA vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 4 jke vkSrkj dksjh] vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 5 eku flag ftUgsa iapk;rukek dk lk{kh gksuk dgk tkrk gS mUgksusa vius c;ku esa vfHk;kstu dFkkud dk leFkZu ugha fd;k gS vkSj mDr nksuks lk{kh i{k nzksgh ?kksf”kr gq, gSA vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 8 eqyk;e flag ;kno dks Hkh iapk;rukek dk lk{kh gksuk crk;k tkrk gS mlus e`rd gjh yky dh yk’k esok yky ds edku ds iwjc fLFkr jkLrs ij iMh gksus dk mYys[k fd;k gS rFkk ftjg esa ;g Hkh mYys[k fd;k gS fd iapk;rukek dh fy[kk i waBk Qlk;k x;kA e`rd ,d nq”pfj= izo`fRr dk O;fDr Fkk] og cykRdkj ds ekeys esa tsy esa Hkh can jgk gSA bl ?kVuk dks fdlh ds }kjk ns[kk ugha x;k gSA fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; dk iz’uxr fu.kZ; ,oa vkns’k fof/k laxr ugh gSA vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 1 jke lqesj dh ,d ek= lk{; bl izd`fr dh ugha gS fd ml ij lgtrk ls fo’okl fd;k tk ldsA ,slh n’kk esa fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; dk iz’uxr fu.kZ; ,oa vkns’k fujLr gksus ;ksX; gSA
blds foijhr fo}ku vij ‘kkldh; vf/koDrk }kjk ;g rdZ izLrqr fd;k x;k fd ;g ?kVuk ljsvke fnu ds lk mYys[kuh; gS fd ;g ?kVuk fnukad 20&6&2005 ds le; 6&30 cts ‘kke dh crk;h x;h gS vkSj bl ?kVuk dh izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ e`rd ds HkkbZ tXxh yky us Fkkus ij fnukad 21&6&2005 dks lqcg 6&10 ,0 ,e0 ij ntZ djk;h gSSA izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ esa vihykFkhZx.k v’kksd dqekj o lUrks”k dksjh ds gkFkksa esa reapk rFkk ohjsUnz dqekj ds gkFk esa pkdw gksuk n’kkZ;k x;k gSSA ?kVuk ds le; e`rd vius gh xkao ds jk/ks’;ke dksjh ds edku ds pcwrjs ij cSBdj eksgu yky ds lkFk ckrphr dj jgk Fkk rc vihykFkhZx.k }kjk reapksa ls mlds Åij Qk;j djus dh ckr dgh x;h gSSA ;g Hkh mYys[k fd;k x;k gS fd e`rd gjhyky ‘kksj epkrk o fpYykrk gqvk esokyky ds ?kj esa ?kql x;k rks ;s yksx ihNk djrs gq, esok yky ds ?kj esa ?kqldj reapksa o pkdw ls ekjdj xkyh nsrs gq, okil vius ?kj dh vksj Hkkx x;sA oknh us viuh izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ esa ;g Hkh mYys[k fd;k gS fd og rFkk mldk cMk HkkbZ jke lqesj ‘kksjxqy lqudj ekSds ij vk x;s Fks ftUgksus ?kVuk ns[kkA ;s yksx Hkkxrs le; Qk;j djrs gq, reaps ygjkrs gq, xkyh xykSt ns jgs Fks ftlls xkao esa Hk; o ng’kr dk egkSy iSnk gks x;kA pw¡fd e`rd dh gR;k oknh o mlds HkkbZ jke lqesj ds le{k vihykFkhZx.k }kjk reaps ls Qk;j dj o pkdw ls pksV igqapkdj dh x;h Fkh rFkk vihykFkhZx.k Hkkxrs le; Qk;j djrs gq, reaps ygjkrs gq, xkyh xykSt ns jgs Fk ftlls xkao esa Hk; o ng’kr dk egkSy mRiUu gksus dh ckr dgh x;h gSA mijksDr ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa oknh o mlds HkkbZ dk jkf= esa fjiksVZ djus u tkuk LokHkkfod ,oa fo’oluh; yxrk gSA oknh us viuh izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ esa Lo;a ;g mYys[k fd;k gS fd jkf= esa Mj dh otg ls fjiksVZ fy[kkus Fkkus ugha vk ldkA ,slh n’kk esa ?kVuk dh izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ esa foyEc dk dkj.k n’kkZ;k x;k gSA vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 1 jke lqesj tks fd bl ?kVuk dk izR;{kn’khZ lk{kh gS rFkk ?kVuk ds le; vius HkkbZ tXxh yky oknh ds lkFk ekSds ij igqapk Fkk mlus vius c;ku esas ;g dgk gS fd ge yksx jkf= esa Mj dh otg ls jiV djus ugha tk ik;sA ,slh n’kk esa ?kVuk dh izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ ds foyEc ds lEca/k esa tks Li”Vhdj.k fn;k x;k gS og i;kZIr ,oa fo’oluh; gSA bl ?kVuk dh izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ dks lykg e’kfojk ds ckn vafdr djk;k tkuk Hkh ugha ik;k tkrk gSA
vihykFkhZx.k dh vksj ls ,d rdZ ;g j[kk x;k fd oknh tXxh yky dh e`R;q gks tkus ds dkj.k og lk{; esa izLrqr ugha gks ldkA vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 3 jke cnu rgjhj ys[kd gS ftUgksusa fpd rgjhj dks njksxkth ds cksyus ij fy[kus dh ckr dgh gS rks mYys[kuh; gS fd vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 3 jke cnu dks vfHk;kstu dh vksj ls i{k nzksgh ?kksf”kr fd;k x;k gSA mDr lk{kh us ?kVuk dh rgjhj dks vius ys[k ,oa gLrk{kj esa gksuk crkrs gq, izn’kZ d&1 ds :i esa lkfcr fd;k gSA ,slh n’kk esa ;fn vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 3 jke cnu rgjhj ys[kd us ?kVuk dh rgjhj dks njksxkth ds cksyus ij fy[kus dh ckr dgh gS rks ek= mDr vk/kkj ij ?kVuk dh izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ ds lEca/k esa dksbZ foijhr mi/kkj.kk dk;e djuk U;k;ksfpr izrhr ugha gksrk gSA ,slh n’kk esa ge vihykFkhZx.k dh vksj ls j[ks x;s mDr rdZ esa dksbZ cy ugha ikrs gSaA
vihykFkhZx.k dh vksj ls ,d rdZ ;g j[kk x;k fd vfHk;kstu dh vksj ls ?kVuk ds lEca/k esa ,d ek= vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 1 jke lqesj dks ijhf{kr djk;k x;k gS tks ,d fgrc} lk{kh gS rFkk mDr ,d ek= lk{kh dh lk{; ls vihykFkhZx.k ds fo:} yxk;s x;s vkjksi dh lansg ls ijs iqf”V ugha gksrh gSA vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 2 eksgu yky ftls ?kVuk dk izR;{kn’khZ lk{kh gksuk crk;k x;k gS mlus vius c;ku esa vfHk;kstu dFkkud dk leFkZu ugha fd;k gS vkSj og i{k nzksgh ?kksf”kr gqvk gS rks mYys[kuh; gS fd ;fn vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 1 jke lqesj e`rd dk HkkbZ gS rks ek= lEca/k ds vk/kkj ij mldh lk{; dks iw.kZr% xyr ,oa vfo’oluh; eku ysuk U;k;ksfpr izrhr ugha gksrk gSA
iatkc jkT; izfr tqxjkt flag ,oa vU; 2002 ,l0 lh0 lh0 ¼fdzfeuy½ 630] 2012 ¼1½ ts0 lh0 vkj0 lh0 703 vfer cuke jkT; mRrj izns’k] 2006 ¼2½ lh0 ,0 vkj0 lqizhe dksVZ ist 742 lqn’kZu jsM~Mh o vU; cuke vkU/kz izns’k rFkk 2003 ,l0 lh0 lh0 ¼fdzfeuy½ 32 xaxk/kj csgjk ,oa vU; izfr jkT; mMhlk ds ekeys esa ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; }kjk ;g er O;Dr fd;k x;k gS fd fdlh Hkh lk{kh dh lk{; dks ek= lEca/kh gksus ds vk/kkj ij frjLd`r ugha fd;k tk ldrk gSA dksbZ Hkh lk{kh dsoy lEca/kh gksus ek= ls fgrc} lk{kh ugha gks tkrk gS tc rd lk{kh dk >wBk Qalkus esa fgr fl} ugha fd;k tkrkA ;g Hkh vo/kkfjr fd;k x;k gS fd ,d lEca/kh okLrfod vijk/kh dks u rks fNik;sxk vkSj u gh fdlh funksZ”k O;fDr dks Qalk;sxkA ;fn >wBk Qalk;s tkus dk vk/kkj fy;k x;k gks ,sls ekeykas esa lEca/kh lkf{k;ksa dh lk{; ij lko/kkuh iwoZd fopkj djus dh vko’;drk gksrh gSA ¼2018½ 6 lqizhe dksVZ dslsl 591 HkkLdj jko ,oa vU; izfr jkT; egkjk”Vª ds ekeys esa ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; }kjk ;g vo/kkfjr fd;k x;k gS fd%&
“35. The last case we need to concern ourselves is Namodeo v. State of Maharashtra, wherein this Court after observing previsous precedents has summarised the law in the following manner: : (SCC P. N164, Para “38. It is clear that a close relative cannot be characterised as an “interested’ witness. He is a “natural” witness. His evidence, however, must be scrutinized carefully. If on such scrutiny, his evidence is found to be intrinsically reliable, inherently probable and wholly trustworthy, conviction can be based on the “sole” testimony of such witness. Close relationship of witness with the deceased or victim is no ground to reject his evidence. On the contrary, close relative of the deceased would normally be most reluctant to spare the real culprit and falsely implicate an innocent one.”
36….From the study of the aforesaid precedents of this court, we may note that whoever has been a witness before the court of law, having a strong interest in result, if allowed to be weighed in the same scales with those who do not have any interest in the result, would be to open the doors of the court for perverted truth. This sound rule which remains the bulwark of this system, and which determines the value of evidence derived from such sources, needs to be cautiously and carefully obsered and enforced. There is no dispute about the fact that the interest of the witness must affect his testimony is a universal truth. Moreover, under the influence of bias, a man may not be in a position to judge correctly even if they earnestly desire to do so. Similarly, he may not be in a position to provide evidence in an impartail manner, when it involves his interest. Under such influences, man will, even though not consciously, suppress some facts, soften or modify others, and provide favourable colour. These are most controlling considertions in respect to the credibility of human testimony, and should never be overlooked in applying the rules of evidence and determining its weight in the scale of truth under the facts and circumstances of each case.”
nkf.Md vihy la[;k 15 o”kZ 2002 yYyw eka>h ,oa vU; izfr jkT; >kj[kaM fu.khZr fnukad 7 tuojh] 2003 ds ekeys esa ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; }kjk ;g vo/kkfjr fd;k x;k gS fd%&
“The law of Evidence does not require any particular number of witnesses to be examined in proof of a given fact. However, faced with the testimoney of a single witness, the Court may classify the oral testimoney into three categories, namely (i) wholly reliable, (ii) wholly unreliable, and (iii) neither wholly reliable nor wholly unreliable. In the first two categories there may be no difficulty in accepting or discarding the testimoney of the single witness. The difficulty arises in the third category of cases. The Court has to be circumspect and has to look for corroboration in material particulars by reliable testimoney, direct or circumstantial, before acting upon testimoney of a single witness. { See- Vadivelu Thevan etc. V. State of Madras, AIR 1957 SC 614}.”
¼2014½ 1 ,l0 lh0 lh0 ¼fdz0½ 846] ¼2014½ 2 ,l0 lh0 lh0 455 ohj flag ,oa vU; izfr jkT; mRrj izns’k ds ekeys esa ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; }kjk ;g vo/kkfjr fd;k x;k gS fd%&
“21. The legal system has laid emphasis on value, weight and quality of evidence rather than on quantity, multiplicity or plurality of witnesses. It is not the number of witnesses but quality of their evidence which is important as there is no requirement under the law of evidence that any particular number of witnesses is to be examined to prove/disprove a fact. The evidence must be weighed and not counted. It is quality and not quantity which determines the adequacy of evidence as has been provided under Section 134 of the Evidence Act. As a general rule the court can and may act on the testimony of a single witness provided he is wholly reliable. (Vide Vadivelu Thevar V. State of Madras3, Kunju V. State of T.N.4, Bipin Kumar Mondal V. State of W.B.5, Mahesh V. State of M.P.6, Prithipal Singh V. State of Punjab7, Kishan Chand V. State of Haryana8 and Gulam Sarbar V. State of Jharkhand9.)”
mYys[kuh; gS fd vfHk;kstu dh vksj ls ?kVuk ds lanHkZ esa vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 1 jke lqesj dks ijhf{kr djk;k x;k gS mlus vius c;ku esa ;g dgk gS fd ?kVuk vkt ls yxHkx nks lky ,d eghuk dh gSA ;g ?kVuk N% lk wBs rkSj ij eqyfteku ds fo:} lkft’k ds rgr eqdnek dk;e djk fn;kA ;g dguk xyr gS fd e`rd gjhyky dh gR;k ftl rjg ls gksuk dgk tkrk gS ml rjg dh dksbZ ?kVuk ugha gqbZ gSA ckn esa og vkSj mlds HkkbZ lykg djds QthZ eqdnek djk fn,A bl lq>ko dks Hkh xyr crk;k fd gjhyky dh gR;k ds le; og ?kVukLFky ij ekStwn ugha Fkk u gh mlus dksbZ ?kVuk ns[khA bl lq>ko dks Hkh xyr crk;k fd iqfyl okyksa ls feydj eqyfteku ds fo:} QthZ eqdnek djk fn;kA
vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 2 eksguyky dks ?kVuk dk izR;{kn’khZ lk{kh gksuk crk;k tkrk gS vkSj ;g dgk tkrk gS fd ?kVuk ds le; e`rd bl lk{kh ¼eksguyky½ ds lkFk jk/ks’;ke ds pcwrjs ij cSBs ckrphr dj jgs FksA bl lk{kh us vius c;ku esa ;g dgk gS fd ?kVuk vkt ls yxHkx nks lky igys dh gSA ?kVuk fdrus cts dh gS og ugha crk ldrkA ?kVuk esa gjhyky dh e`R;q gqbZ FkhA ?kVuk cjxnh xkao dh gS fdlds ?kj ds ikl dh ?kVuk gS og ugha crk ldrkA ?kVuk ds le; og fcnuiqj esa FkkA og feL=hxhjh dk dke djus fcnuiqj x;k FkkA gjh yky dks fdlus fdlus ekjk Fkk og ugha crk ldrkA ?kVuk mlus viuh vka[kks ls ugha ns[kk gS tc og fcnuiqj ls vius xkao vk;k rc xkao okyksa ls irk pyk FkkA ;g lk{kh i{k nzksgh ?kksf”kr gqvk gSA
vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 4 jke vkSrkj dksjh us vius c;ku esa ;g dgk gS fd e`rd gjhyky ds iapk;rukek ds le; og ekStwn ugha FkkA njksxkth us ,d lQsn dkxt ij gLrk{kj cuok fy;k Fkk ml dkxt ij ;fn njksxkth us dqN fy[kk gks rks og ugha tkurk gSA bl lk{kh us iapk;rukek ij viuk gLrk{kj crkrs gq, dgk gS fd bl dkxt ij mlds lkeus dksbZ fy[kk i vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 5 eku flag us vius c;ku esa ;g dgk gS fd vkt ls yxHkx rhu o”kZ iwoZ gjhyky dh e`R;q gqbZ Fkh mldk iapk;rukek mlds lkeus ugha gqvk FkkA njksxkth us mldk gLrk{kj ,d lkns dkxt ij djk;k FkkA mls iapk;rukek lquk;k ugha x;k Fkk vkSj u gh mlds lkeus fy[kk x;k Fkk vkSj u gh iapk;rukek ds ckjs esa mldh jk; yh x;h FkhA mlus eqyfteku v’kksd dqekj] lUrks”k dqekj o ohju dks e`rd gjhyky dh gR;k djrs ugha ns[kk FkkA mls bl dsl ds ckjs esa dksbZ tkudkjh ugha gSA ;g lk{kh Hkh i{k nzksgh ?kksf”kr gqvk gSA
vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 8 eqyk;e flag ;kno us vius c;ku esa ;g dgk gS fd lk mYys[kuh; gS fd vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 1 jke lqesj tks fd e`rd dk HkkbZ gS mlus vius c;ku esa ?kVuk dh Hkyh Hkakfr iqf”V dh gSA ;g ckr vo’; gS fd vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 2 eksgu yky dks Hkh ?kVuk dk izR;{kn’khZ lk{kh gksuk crk;k x;k gS ijUrq ;g lk{kh i{k nzksgh ?kksf”kr gqvk gSA vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 4 jke vkSrkj o vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 5 eku flag rFkk vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 8 eqyk;e flag ;kno iapk;rukek ds lk{kh gSaA
vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 1 jke lqesj us vius c;ku esa vfHk;kstu dFkkud dh Hkyh Hkkafr iqf”V dh gSA ;g ckr vo’; gS fd ;g lk{kh e`rd dk HkkbZ gS rFkk ?kVuk ds lEca/k esa ,d ek= lk{kh gS rks tSlk fd Åij mYys[k fd;k tk pqdk gS fd lEca/k ds vk/kkj ij fdlh lk{kh dh lk{; dks frjLd`r ugha fd;k tk ldrk gS vkSj u gh iw.kZrk vfo’oluh; ekuk tk ldrk gSA bl lk{kh dh lEiw.kZ lk{; ij ge lko/kkuhiwoZd fopkj djus ds mijkUr ;g ikrs gS fd ;g lk{kh ?kVuk dk izR;{kn’khZ lk{kh gSA ?kVuk dh izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ esa ;g mYys[k gS fd e`rd ?kVuk ds le; jk/ks’;ke dksjh ds edku ds pcwrjs ij cSBk ckrphr dj jgk Fkk mlh le; vihykFkhZx.k }kjk e`rd ij Qk;j fd;k x;kA Qk;j dh vkokt lqudj vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 1 jke lqesj us Lo;a o mlds HkkbZ tXxh yky dks ekSds ij igqapus dh ckr dgh gS rFkk ;g Hkh dgk gS fd tc e`rd gjhyky] esokyky ds ?kj esa ?kql x;k rks vihykFkhZx.k us ogka ij reaps ls Qk;j dj o pkdw ls ekjdj mldh gR;k dj nhA
vihykFkhZx.k dh vksj ls ,d rdZ ;g j[kk x;k fd bl lk{kh us viuh ftjg esa ;g Lohdkj fd;k gS fd jk/ks’;ke ds njokts ij e`rd ds Åij fdrus Qk;j gq, mls ugha ekywe D;ksafd og ?kj ij Fkk rks mYys[kuh; gS fd bl lk{kh dh lk{; esa ;g vk;k gS tc mlus Qk;j dh vkokt rFkk ‘kksjxqy lquk rc og rFkk mldk HkkbZ tXxh yky ?kj ls nkSMdj vk x;s Fks vkSj tc os ekSds ij igqaps rks mUgksus e`rd gjhyky dks esokyky ds ?kj esa ?kqlrs gq, ns[kk Fkk tgka eqyfteku us esokyky ds ?kj esa ?kqldj e`rd dh reaps ls xksyh ekjdj o pkdw ls pksVs igqapkdj gR;k dj nhA vihykFkhZx.k v’kksd dqekj o lUrks”k dksjh ds gkFkksa esa reapk gksuk n’kkZ;k x;k gS ,oa vihykFkhZ ohjsUnz dqekj ds gkFk esa pkdw gksuk n’kkZ;k x;k gSA vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 7 MkDVj jkts’k dqekj }kjk e`rd gjhyky ds ‘ko dk ‘ko foPNsnu fnukad 22&6&2005 dks le; 2&30 vijkUg ij fd;k x;k FkkA bl lk{kh us iksLVekVZe ds le; e`rd ds ‘kjhj ij nks xksyh ?kqlus ds ?kko rFkk nks ?kko xksyh fudyus ds ik;s Fks rFkk pksV la[;k 5 dVs gq, ?kko ds :i esa isV ds Åijh fgLls esa FkhA pksV la[;k 5 esa isV ij 11 dVs gq, ?kko ik;s tkus dk mYys[k gSA ,slh n’kk esa fpfdRlh; lk{; ls Hkh vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 1 jke lqesj dh lk{; lEiq”V gksrh gSA
vihykFkhZx.k dh vksj ls ,d rdZ ;g j[kk x;k fd vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 7 MkDVj jkts’k dqekj us vius eq[; c;ku esa e`rd ds ‘ko ds ‘ko foPNsnu dh frfFk 12&6&2005 crk;h gS rks mYys[kuh; gS fd c;ku esa le; o frfFk crkus dh ;g lgou Hkwy gks ldrh gSA bl lk{kh us iksLVekVZe fjiksVZ dks izn’kZ d&6 ds :i esa lkfcr fd;k gS rFkk iksLVekVZe fjiksVZ izn’kZ d&6 vfHkys[k ij miyC/k gSA iksLVekVZe fjiksVZ esa iksLVekVZe dh frfFk 22&6&2005 le; 2&30 ih0 ,e0 gksus dk mYys[k gSA blls ;g Li”V gS fd e`rd ds ‘ko dk ‘ko foPNsnu fnukad 22&6&2005 dks 2&30 ih0 ,e0 ij fd;k x;k FkkA ;fn MkDVj us lgou vius c;ku esa frfFk 12&6&2005 crk nh gS rks ek= mDr vk/kkj ij e`rd dh iksLVekVZe fjiksVZ vFkok mlds ‘kjhj ij ik;h x;h pksVksa ds lEca/k esa o ?kVuk ds lEca/k esa lansg dk dksbZ vk/kkj izrhr ugha gksrk gSA
vihykFkhZx.k dh vksj ls mDr vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 7 MkDVj jkts’k dqekj dks cpko lk{kh la[;k 1 ds :i esa ryc dj ijhf{kr djk;k x;k gS ftlesa mDr lk{kh MkDVj jkts’k dqekj }kjk ;g dgk x;k gS fd e`rd gjhyky ds ‘ko dk ‘ko foPNsnu gsrq ‘ko ds lkFk iapk;rukek fpV~Bh lh0 ,e0 vks0 izkIr djk;h x;h FkhA eq[; fpfdRlkf/kdkjh dks Hksth x;h fpV~Bh 7d@7 es mlus fnukad 21&6&2005 ds fpV~Bh ds i`”B Hkkx ij mlus i`”Bkdau fd;k Fkk fd e`rd gjhyky ds ‘ko ij ekStwn pksVsa iapukek esa vafdr pksVksa ls fHkUu gSA blh lansg ij mlus foospd dks fpV~Bh izsf”kr fd;kA mDr i`”Bkdau ds i’pkr iapukek ij pksV la[;k 5 foospd }kjk fcuk uksV vafdr fd;s gq, dkcZu yxkdj ckn esa vafdr dj fn;k tkuk lEHko gSA ;g Hkh gks ldrk gS fd iapk;rukesa esa e`rd dh pksVsa ,d yxk;r ikap ntZ jgh gks vkSj mlus =wqfVo’k bls u ns[kk gks vkSj i`”Bkdau dj fn;k gksA e`rd gjhyky ds ‘ko dk foPNsnu mlus fnukad 21&6&2005 dks izkIr gks tkus ds ckotwn fnukad 22&6&2005 dks fd;k gSA T;knk lEHkkouk bl ckr dh gS fd foospd vkdj i`”Bkdau ds ckn iapukek esa pksV uEcj ikap dks c vihykFkhZx.k dh vksj ls ,d rdZ ;g j[kk x;k fd vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 1 jke lqesj us viuh ftjg esa ;g Lohdkj fd;k gS fd e`rd ds Åij n’kjFk yky dh yMdh ds lkFk cykRdkj djus ds lEca/k esa n’kjFkyky }kjk cykRdkj dk eqdnek ntZ djk;k x;k Fkk ftlesa og tsy esa can jgk Fkk rks mYys[kuh; gS fd i=koyh ij ,slh dksbZ ifjfLFkfr o lk{; miyC/k ugha gS ftlls ;g Lohdkj fd;k tk lds fd e`rd gjhyky dh gR;k vihykFkhZx.k ls fHkUu fdUgh vKkr cnek’kksa }kjk dh x;h gksA ;g ljsvke fnu ds 6&30 cts dh ?kVuk gSA twu ds eghus esa ‘kke 6&30 cts mtkyk jgrk gSA i=koyh ij miyC/k uD’kk utjh izn’kZ d&7 dk geus lE;d ifj’khyu fd;kA uD’kk utjh izn’kZ d&7 esas ,0 LFkku edku jk/ks’;ke ds lkeus n’kkZ;k x;k gS rFkk ch0 LFkku esokyky ds edku ds vUnj n’kkZ;k x;k gSA ,0 LFkku ls ch0 LFkku dh nwjh djhc 100 ehVj n’kkZ;h x;h gSA jk/ks’;ke ds edku ds njokts ij e`rd ij igys Qk;j djus dh ckr dgh tkrh gS rRi’pkr e`rd dks jk/ks’;ke ds njokts ls Hkkxdj esokyky ds edku esa ?kqluk crk;k tkrk gS tgka ij vihykFkhZx.k }kjk reapksa ls Qk;j dj pkdw ls pksVsa igqapkdj e`rd dh gR;k dkfjr djuk crk;k x;k gSA uD’kk utjh ds voyksdu ls ;g fofnr gS fd e`rd dk djhc 100 ehVj ihNk dj esokyky ds ?kj esa ?kqldj reapks ls Qk;j dj o pkdw ls pksVsa igqapkdj mldh gR;k dkfjr dj nh x;hA iapk;rukek esa e`rd dk ‘ko esokyky ds edku esa iMs gksus dk mYys[k fd;k x;k gSA vr,o blls Hkh Li”V gS fd iapk;rukek ds le; e`rd dk ‘ko esokyky ds edku esa iMk ik;k x;k FkkA ,slh n’kk esa vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 1 jke lqesj dh lk{; ij vfo’okl djus dk dksbZ dkj.k izrhr ugha gksrk gS rFkk bl lk{kh }kjk vihykFkhZx.k dks >waBk Qlk;s tkus dh dksbZ lEHkkouk ugha ik;h tkrh gSA fQj ;g lk{kh ?kVuk dk izR;{kn’khZ lk{kh gSA bl lk{kh ds le{k mlds HkkbZ dks reapksa ls xksyh ekjdj o pkdw ls pksVsa igqapkdj mldh gR;k dh x;h gSA bl lk{kh dh lEiw.kZ lk{; ij lko/kkuhiwoZd fopkj djus ds mijkUr ge bl er ds gS fd bl lk{kh dh lk{; ij vfo’okl djus dk dksbZ vk/kkj ugha ik;k tkrk gSA izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ esa ;g mYys[k gS fd vihykFkhZx.k ls tehu dk fookn FkkA blh jaft’k ds dkj.k vihykFkhZx.k }kjk e`rd dh gR;k dkfjr djuk crk;k x;k gSA bl ?kVuk ds ihNs ?kVuk dk dkj.k o gsrqd tehu dk fookn crk;k x;k gSA mYys[kuh; gS fd bl ?kVuk ds lEca/k esa ?kVuk dh izR;{kn’khZ lk{; miyC/k gSA ,slh n’kk esa tgka ?kVuk dh izR;{kn’khZ lk{; miyC/k gks ogka ?kVuk ds gsrqd dk dksbZ fo’ks”k egRo ugha jg tkrk gSA
¼2010½ 12 ,l0 lh0 lh0 91 fcfiu dqekj eks.My izfr jkT; osLV caxky ds ekeys esa ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; }kjk ;g vo/kkfjr fd;k x;k gS fd%&
Þ24- It is settled legal proposition that even if the absence of motive as alleged is accepted that is of no consequence and pales into insignificance when direct evidence establishes the crime. Therefore, in case there is direct trustworthy evidence of witnesses as to commission of an offence, the motive part loses its significance. Therefore, if the genesis of the motive of the occurrence is not proved, the ocular testimony of the witnesses as to the occurrence could not be discarded only by the reason of the absence of motive, if otherwise the evidence is worthy of reliance. (Vide Hari Shankar Vs. State of U.P., (1996) 9 SCC 40; Bikhu Pandey & Ors. Vs. State of Bihar, (2003) 12 SCC 616; and Abu Thakir & Ors. Vs. State of Tamil Nadu, (2010) 5 SCC 91).”
pw¡fd vfHk;kstu lkk{kh la[;k 1 jke lqesj bl ?kVuk dk izR;{kn’khZ lk{kh gSA bl lk{kh us vius c;ku esa vfHk;kstu dFkkud dh Hkyh Hkkafr iqf”V dh gS rFkk ?kVuk ds le; ekSds ij mldh mifLFkfr fl} gS ,oa mldh lk{; fpfdRlh; lk{; ls Hkh lEiq”V gSSA izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ esa ,oa vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 1 jke lqesj us vius c;ku esa vihykFkhZx.k ls tehu dk fookn crk;k gSSA ,slh n’kk esa ?kVuk dk tks gsrqd j[kk x;k gS og lk{; ls lkfcr gSSA
vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 9 jke Hkjksls dq’kokgk }kjk bl ekeys dh foospuk dh x;h Fkh mUgksusa vius }kjk dh x;h foospuk rFkk foospuk ds nkSjku rS;kj fd;s x;s izi=ksa dks lkfcr fd;k gSSA bl lk{kh us vius c;ku esa ;g mYys[k fd;k gS fd /kkjk 82&83 na0 iz0 la0 dh dk;Zokgh ds i’pkr vihykFkhZx.k ds fo:} eQ:jh esa vkjksi i= U;k;ky; izsf”kr fd;k FkkA vkjksii= nkf[ky gksus rd vihykFkhZx.k Qjkj jgs gSaA bl lk{kh us vihykFkhZ v’kksd dqekj }kjk vkReleZi.k dj nsus ds i’pkr mldh fu’kkunsgh ij fnukad 15&9&2005 dks e`rd dh gR;k esa iz;qDr reaps dks cjken djus dh iqf”V dh gSA ;g ckr vo’; gS fd ekSds ls cjken [kks[kk dkjrwl rFkk vihykFkhZ v’kksd dqekj dh fu’kkunsgh ij cjken reaps dks fof/k foKku iz;ksx’kkyk tkap gsrq ugha Hkstk x;k gS rks ek= mDr vk/kkj ij vfHk;kstu dFkkud dks iw.kZrk xyr ,oa vfo’oluh; eku ysuk U;k;ksfpr izrhr ugha gksrk gSA ;g ckr vo’; gS fd vihykFkhZx.k lUrks”k dksjh o ohjsUnz dqekj ls fdlh Hkh gfFk;kj dh cjkenxh ugha crk;h tkrh gS rks vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 9 ¼foospukf/kdkjh½ dh lk{; ls ;g Li”V gS fd mlds }kjk ckj ckj nfc’k nsus ds ckotwn vihykFkhZx.k@vfHk;qDrx.k nLr;kc ugha gq, Fks rRi’pkr mlus /kkjk 82&83 na0 iz0 la0 ds vUrxZr dk;Zokgh ds mijkUr vihykFkhZx.k ds fo:} eQ:jh esa vkjksi i= U;k;ky; izsf”kr fd;k FkkA ,slh n’kk esa ;fn vihykFkhZx.k lUrks”k dksjh o ohjsUnz dqekj dh fu’kkunsgh ij fdlh gfFk;kj dh dksbZ cjkenxh ugh fn[kk;h x;h gS rks mDr vihykFkhZx.k dh lafyIrrk ds lEca/k esa lansg djus dk dksbZ vk/kkj ugha ik;k tkrk gSA
vihykFkhZx.k dh vksj ls ,d rdZ ;g j[kk x;k fd vihykFkhZ ohjsUnz dqekj ,d vU; nwljs xkao dk gS rFkk vU; vihykFkhZx.k ls mldk dksbZ lEca/k ,oa ljksdkj ugha gS vkSj u gh og mUgs tkurk gSa rks mYys[kuh; gS fd vihykFkhZ ohjsUnz dqekj izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ esa uketn gS rFkk mlds gkFk esa pkdw gksuk n’kkZ;k x;k gS ,oa ‘ko foPNsnu ds le; e`rd ds ‘kjhj ij pkdw dh pksVsa ik;h x;h gSA e`rd ds ‘kjhj ij pksV la[;k 5 ds :i tks pksVsa n’kkZ;h x;h gS mlesa djhc 11 dVs gq, ?kko ik;s tkus dk mYys[k gSA vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 1 jke lqesj dh lk{; esa ;g vk;k gS fd tc vihykFkhZx.k lUrks”k o v’kksd e`rd ij Qk;j dj fn;s vkSj tc ;s yksx ekj pqds rc ohjsUnz us mlds HkkbZ dks pkdw ls ekjuk ‘kq: fd;k vkSj tc ohjsUnz pkdw ekj jgk Fkk rc og ogha ij [kMk FkkA bl izdkj vihykFkhZ ohjsUnz dqekj dh lafyIrrk Hkh lansg ls ijs lkfcr ik;h tkrh gSA
vihykFkhZx.k dh vksj ls ,d rdZ ;g j[kk x;k fd e`rd dh gR;k esokyky ds ?kj esa gksuk crk;k x;k gSA vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 1 jke lqesj dh lk{; esa ;g vk;k gS fd ?kVuk ds le; esokyky dh iRuh o mldh cgw ekStwn Fkh ysfdu foospukf/kdkjh us u rks mudk c;ku vUrxZr /kkjk 161 na0 iz0 la0 vafdr fd;k vkSj u gh mUgsa xokg cuk;k vkSj u gh mUgsa lk{; esa ijhf{kr djk;k x;k tc fd os egRoiw.kZ lk{kh gks ldrs Fks rks mYys[kuh; gS fd ;g ,d gR;k dk ekeyk gS lekU;rk vklkuh ls dksbZ O;fDr fdlh nwljs ds >xMs esa ugha iMuk pkgrk gS rFkk vijkf/kd izo`fR;ksa ds O;fDr;ksa ds fo:} xokgh nsus esa Hkh yksx drjkrs gSaA vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 1 jke lqesj ?kVuk dk izR;{kn’khZ lk{kh gS rFkk mldh lk{; lansg ls ijs fo’oluh; gS ,oa dfFkr ?kVuk ds le; mldh mifLFkfr lkfcr gSA ,slh n’kk esa ;fn bl ekeys esa esokyky dh iRuh o mldh cgw dks xokg ugha cuk;k x;k ;k mUgsa lk{; esa ijhf{kr ugha djk;k x;k rks ek= mDr vk/kkj ij ?kVuk ds lEca/k esa lansg djus dk dksbZ vk/kkj izrhr ugha gksrk gSA
i=koyh ij miyC/k leLr lk{; ,oa vfHkys[kksa ij lE;d fopkj djus ds mijkUr ge blh er ds gSa fd vihykFkhZx.k }kjk dfFkr ?kVuk dkfjr djuk lansag ls ijs fl} gS rFkk vihykFkhZ v’kksd dqekj dh fu’kkunsgh ij e`rd dh gR;k esa iz;qDr reaps dh cjkenxh Hkh lkfcr gSA ,slh n’kk esa ge fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; ds fu.kZ; ,oa vkns’k esa dksbZ fof/kd =qfV ugha ikrs gSa rFkk vihykFkhZx.k dh vksj ls mBk;s x;s fcUnqvksa esa ge dksbZ cy ugha ikrs gSaA
fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; us i=koyh ij miyC/k lk{; ,oa vfHkys[kksa ij lE;d fopkj djus ds mijkUr vihykFkhZx.k dks iz’uxr vijk/k esa nks”kh ikrs gq, rnuqlkj nf.Mr fd;k gS ftlesa ge dksbZ fof/kd =qfV vFkok vfu;ferrk ugha ikrs gSaA
mijksDr foospuk ls ge blh er ds gSa fd ;g vihy cyghu gS ,oa fujLr gksus ;ksX; gS rnuqlkj ;g nkf.Md vihy fujLr dh tkrh gS rFkk fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk ikfjr nks”kflf} ,oa n.Mkns’k dh iqf”V dh tkrh gSA
vihykFkhZx.k v’kksd dqekj] lUrks”k dksjh rFkk ohjsUnz dqekj pekj tsy esa fu:} gS mUgsa ltk Hkqxrus gsrq ;Fkkor fu:} j[kk tk,A
fu.kZ; dh izfr ,oa ijh{k.k U;k;ky; dh i=koyh vfoyEc v/khuLFk U;k;ky; dks Hksth tk,A
fnukad% 25&1&2021
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